Authors (including presenting author) :
Chan SP(1), Leung YT(1)
Affiliation :
(1) Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital
Keyword 1: :
fragility fracture
Keyword 2: :
hip fracture
Keyword 3: :
fracture risk
Keyword 4: :
calcium & vitamin D supplement
Introduction :
Fractures in the aging population are a major health issue, frequently leading to increase morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditures. Hip fractures and fragility fractures (FF) are widespread occurrence in post-menopausal women and elder men. Calcium & Vitamin D are the essential nutrients & commonly prescribed to prevent FF in the aging population. Our Bone Health Program started on Sep 2017. For the program, bone health nurse will suggest calcium & vitamin D supplements to FF patients after initial assessment.
Objectives :
To compare the fracture risk between hip fracture patients in TKOH with & without calcium & vitamin D supplement.
Methodology :
(1)Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCl) was collected to compare the differences between impact of comorbidities on hip fractures with supplement & without supplement. (2)Study outcome -Categorical variables (gender, smoking status) by numbers, percentages of the total & Chi square test -Continuous variables (age, CCI) by mean, standard deviation & independent t-test. (3)Primary outcome: secondary fracture within 1 year by relative risk ratio & Chi square test. (4)Secondary outcome: side effects of supplement including GI upset & constipation by numbers & percentages of the total.
Result & Outcome :
The findings supported that calcium & vitamin D supplements can effectively prevent secondary fractures in elderly hip fracture patients without causing significant adverse effects. For primary outcome: Outcome Rate with supplement=0; Outcome Rate with no supplement)=0.0625; Relative Risk (RR)=outcome rate with supplement/outcome rate with no supplement=0; P value:0.043(statistically significant). For secondary outcome: no. of patient reported constipation: 2 (3.2%) & no. of patient reported GI upset: 0. In conclusion, no statistically significant difference in age, gender, smoking status or CCI between two groups of patients. 6.25% of patients not receiving supplements experienced secondary fracture within one year. All patients receiving supplements did not experienced secondary fracture within one year. A p-value of 0.043 from a Chi-square test is statistically significant, supporting the potential benefit of calcium & vitamin D supplements in reducing the fracture risk. 3.2% patients reported side effect in constipation. No patients reported side effect in GI upset.
