Authors (including presenting author) :
Kwan WY(1), Chan KH(1), Cheung YW(1), Ngan MY(1), Cheng OK(1), Pang KM(1), Wong WM(1), Lam SK(2)
Affiliation :
(1) Accident and Emergency Department, Pok Oi Hospital
(2) Accident and Emergency Department, Tuen Mun Hospital
Keyword 1: :
Workplace Violence
Keyword 2: :
Staff safety
Keyword 3: :
Emergency Department
Keyword 4: :
Staff training
Keyword 6: :
Micro-learning
Introduction :
The Emergency Department (ED) is a high-risk clinical environment where workplace violence (WPV) remains frequently observed, posing an immediate threat that necessitates rapid, structured responses from staff. Traditional training workshops and policy guidelines, while essential, often do not adequately translate episodic learning into rapid, reflexive decision-making required in dynamic clinical contexts. The DAEMONS Framework was therefore designed to address this limitation through 60-second micro-learning Reel that conceptualize safety as a mental “background process", thereby transforming structured WPV management strategies into automatic, reflexive practice and sustaining staff safety as an enduring priority.
Objectives :
The initiative aimed to empower nursing staff with a standardized, rapid-recall safety toolkit. Specifically, it provided junior nurses (1-3 years of experience) with a multi-phase protocol integrating de-escalation, tactical positioning, and emergency notification, while offering senior staff an efficient, high-impact refresher. Utilizing DAEMONS mnemonic, the framework increases situational awareness and response confidence, embedding violence prevention as instinctively as routine clinical safety checks.
Methodology :
Strategic development of educational approach and intervention design was guided by SWOT analysis:
• Strengths: Energetic, tech-proficient nursing staff
• Weaknesses: Limited acute aggression management experience
• Opportunities: The need for mobile-accessible, just-in-time training delivery
• Threats: Potential physical and psychological trauma from unmanaged violence Consequently, 60-second Reel was developed as scenario-based visual aids to model the comprehensive three-phase DAEMONS protocol:
• De-escalation & Awareness (Prevention)
• Emotionally calm & Move (Self-Regulation & Positioning)
• Open area, Notify, & Staff safety (Escape & Escalation)
Link: https://hateams.home/~1PloC The Reel was integrated into WV training workshops for junior nurses and deployed as a rapid digital refresher for senior nurses.
Result & Outcome :
Staff surveys showed that micro-learning via the Reel significantly enhanced staff engagement and knowledge retention, with 78% increase in self-reported competence in managing WPV situations among junior nurses. At 2-month follow-up, 92% of staff successfully recalled the DAEMONS mnemonic. In general, a more consistent use of structured WPV management strategies was observed among staff, suggesting that proactive safety reflexes had begun to embed as a routine practice. The Reel was additionally awarded a prize in NTWC MoV Week competition organized by cluster OSH team. The DAEMONS Framework with 60-second Reel demonstrated that WPV training in high-risk environments was effective when delivered as a scenario-based, multi-phase, micro-learning intervention.
